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Cataract surgery is a procedure where the blurred lens is surgically removed and replaced with an artificial one. This procedure is often recommended when the quality of vision starts to significantly deteriorate. Laser cataract surgery is a newer technique that makes this process more precise and predictable. In traditional surgical operations where the surgeon uses hand tools, a laser is used to make precise cuts in this anesthetized procedure. This could potentially make the surgeon’s process of opening and removing the lens more accurate and less traumatic. Additionally, the procedure can allow the surgeon to center the lens more accurately and can correct some vision disorders such as astigmatism. However, it may not be suitable for every patient. The patient’s condition and needs determine which method is most appropriate.
Causes of Cataract Disease
Aging: The most common type of disorder is age-related. As age progresses, the lens naturally hardens and becomes less transparent. This starts from the 40s and becomes more noticeable in the 60s and 70s.
Damage or Trauma: Injuries can also lead to the problem. These types may not occur immediately; they can develop even a few years after the injury.
Other Health Conditions: Diabetes, hypertension, and some other health conditions can increase the risk of developing the disorder. In addition, some genetic disorders can cause it to develop at an early age.
Certain Medications: Especially types of drugs that adversely affect eye health, like certain medications can increase the likelihood of having vision problems when used for a long period. In such a case, laser cataract surgery can be performed.
Exposure to Ultraviolet Light: Long-term exposure to the sun can also increase the likelihood of experiencing the disease or its symptoms. Therefore, wearing sunglasses and wide-brimmed hats can provide significant protection.
Lifestyle Factors: Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can contribute to the formation.
However, the exact cause of most types is unknown. They are generally accepted as a result of aging, but managing certain risk factors and maintaining a healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk of development.
Advantages of Laser Cataract Surgery
Precision: When used to cut tissue, laser cataract surgery is more precise and repeatable than when done with hand tools. This can help make the operation more predictable and allow the surgeon to have more precise control during the procedure.
Correction of Astigmatism: During the operation, the surgeon can make incisions that can correct astigmatism. This can help patients with vision disorders such as astigmatism to have clearer vision afterwards.
Less Energy Usage: In the traditional procedure, ultrasonic energy is used to break up the lens. This process can sometimes damage other tissues inside. Treatment often uses less energy, which can reduce the risk of complications.
Better Lens Positioning: The precision of the cuts made with this method allows for more accurate placement and alignment of the artificial lens. This can improve vision quality afterwards.
Shorter Recovery Time: In general, it results in a quicker and less painful recovery period.
However, laser cataract surgery may not be suitable for all patients, and this method has some risks and limitations.
