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The eye condition that occurs when the lens loses its transparency in babies is called infants cataracts. The lens, which is located inside the eye, serves as a natural lens that focuses light onto the retina. Normally transparent, the lens can become cloudy and opaque over time.
Cataract Surgery in Infants
Cataract surgery in infants is a surgical intervention that should ideally be performed as soon as possible after birth.
The surgery is usually performed under general anesthesia in infants. This is an anesthesia method used to put the baby to sleep and prevent any pain or discomfort.
The eye surgeon makes a small incision in the front part of the eye. This incision is commonly referred to as a “corneal incision.”
The eye surgeon opens the capsule (transparent membrane) of the opaque natural lens. This capsule is a thin layer that surrounds the natural lens.
The lens is fragmented and removed within the capsule using ultrasonic energy or other techniques. This process is called “lensectomy.” After the diseased lens is completely removed, the capsule is typically left in place to prevent clouding in the eye.
After the cataract is removed, an artificial lens called an intraocular lens (IOL) is implanted. The IOL replaces the natural lens and restores the eye’s focusing ability. Flexible or foldable IOLs are commonly used in infants.
The eye surgeon carefully closes the incision, and stitches or adhesive may be used to support the healing process.
Cataract surgery in infants requires a special skill set and expertise as it is a delicate procedure. It is important for the surgeon to be an ophthalmologist (eye doctor) specialized in pediatric eye surgery. After the surgery, the baby is regularly monitored, and the eye doctor monitors the healing process and provides follow-up treatments as needed.
